What is Bengaluru ?

Amidst the vibrant allure of Bengaluru’s verdant landscapes and abundant water reservoirs lies a city grappling with a dire water crisis. Rapid urbanisation, a burgeoning population, and the looming spectre of climate change have stretched the city’s water supply to its limits, necessitating urgent and sustainable management measures. But while technological interventions are undeniably crucial, the pivot toward behavioural change among residents emerges as an equally imperative aspect of the solution to provide readers and decision-makers with sights that can guide transformative action. As a fourth-generation resident of Bengaluru and a fervent conservationist, my commitment to safeguarding our city’s water resources compelled me to explore the significance of behavioural change in water management. Through this article for World Water Day 2024, I aim to illuminate the crucial role that shifting societal behaviours can play in addressing Bengaluru’s water

Water is the elixir of life. If you experienced a shortage of water this year, we want to hear about the mental and emotional challenges you faced. Share your water stress story with us. We will convey these experiences to the government to drive action. Our mission is to promote behavioral and lifestyle transformation for water conservation. Write to us at earthituderesearchforum@gmail.com

 Water Mindfulness- A journey to re-establish bonds with water
Behavioural transformation, the answer for sustainable lifestyle – Water is a matter of a mindset
Author: Madhuri Subbarao, India’s first Conservation Psychologist, Co-Founder, Friends of
Lakes (FOL), Environmental Auditor 

Abstract
The pertinent focus of my study is the basic mindset of Indians, towards how we perceive water and
the challenges faced right from the root cause. Water is a commodity that is taken for granted in the
mind primarily before it is actioned. The behaviour is so because Mother Earth provides public goods
for free (Susan et al., 2010)[1], hence, we consciously forget our responsibility towards this invaluable
resource. Conservation Psychology is a new study for India and therefore, my efforts will be to keep it
as real as possible.
How do we treat our catchment areas (The areas that receive rainfall) that creates lakes to further
interlink and unite with rivers and it is estimated that just by focusing on catchment areas and
conserving lakes, most water problems in urban areas can be resolved, (Kotecha, M. 2022)[2],
thereby the stress on rivers drastically drops. Furthermore, the Interconnection of the River-Lakes
system (IRLS), is an effective measure to optimise the strategic pattern of water resource allocation,
improve the capacity of the water protection system, and promote ecological restoration (Jiangyu et
al.,) [3]. Water is always a matter of religion, territory, economic growth, and social status. Many cities
that receive abundant rainfall also complain that at the same time their lakes and/or rivers are still dry
and are water deficient due to urbanisation and concretisation. Although thousands of crores are
being spent on river rejuvenation, unless the behaviour of the people towards this scarce commodity
is not changed, the entire efforts and resources will turn futile. Just by spending money and resources
for the revival of the rivers/ water bodies it is not enough until it is made sustainable in the holistic
sense.
Catchment areas are the most precious root source of water that creates lakes which are the first
major sources of large water bodies that any city, town, or village will see at their closest proximity,
creating the “Lake effect” with microclimates. Lakes have always been a significant source of
freshwater that also recharge aquifers. Every minute nearly 25-30 people in India are moving from
rural to urban areas in search of a better lifestyle (Divay, P. 2018)[4], which leads to more
consumption of water, hence it is necessary to focus on lake management. Lakes are mostly fed by
stormwater drains and canals. Our efforts in keeping these drains and canals clean and unclogged
will ensure an uninterrupted supply of rainwater to the lake and when it overflows it can connect to
rivers, by which we can significantly reduce water pollution, soil erosion, and desilting to a large
extent.

Title: “Behavioural Transformations for Revitalising Lakes: Reuse of leftover treated sewage water for groundwater recharge in Bengaluru”

Author: Madhuri Subbarao, India’s first Conservation Psychologist, Earthitude Research Forum, Friends of Lakes (FOL), ISO 14,001 Environmental Auditor, Sustainability Reporting, Research Scholar

Co-Author: Druthi Anish, Undergrad Researcher in Environmental Science, Sustainability and Earth Sciences, Mount Carmel Autonomous College, Bangalore

Abstract

This study delves into the critical intersection of behavioural transformations and sustainable water management by examining the reuse of leftover treated sewage water for groundwater recharge, specifically in the context of revitalising lakes. As water scarcity escalates in Bengaluru, innovative strategies are imperative, and this research addresses the underexplored behavioural dynamics shaping the acceptance of such practices. The study incorporates key techniques, behaviour, knowledge, practices, policy and governance matters for groundwater recharge strategies, considering prevalent issues and community perceptions also. While technical aspects of wastewater reuse have been studied, this research bridges the gap by integrating insights from behavioural science, acknowledging the pivotal role of the public and their attitudes toward water conservation and reuse. The mixed-method approach involves water quality assessments, hydrogeological analyses, and stakeholder engagement to establish methodologies for redirecting treated sewage water, offering a comprehensive framework for sustainable water management. The results contribute not only to advancing technical solutions but also to the broader discourse on the integration of behavioural transformations into environmental practices for the revitalization of urban lakes.

A Behavioural study related to Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) Practices in Bengaluru”
Author: Madhuri Subbarao, India’s first Conservation Psychologist, Earthitude Research Forum, Friends of Lakes (FOL), Environmental Auditor, Sustainability Reporter, Research Scholar, Bengaluru

Co-Author: 1. M L Kansal, Professor (HAG), Department of Water Resources Development and Management, IIT Roorkee

2. Druthi, Undergrad Researcher in Environmental Science, Sustainability and Earth Sciences, Mount Carmel Autonomous University, Bengaluru

Abstract

Bengaluru, India’s third most populous city is facing water scarcity challenges necessitating innovative strategies for water management. Rainwater harvesting becomes imperative for resilience in the face of water scarcity. The success of rainwater harvesting programs is contingent on community acceptance and engagement, which are deeply rooted in behavioural aspects. This study investigates the behavioural dynamics influencing the acceptance, installation, and subsequent reuse of harvested rainwater in both residential and commercial settings. The study employs a mixed-methods approach to gather quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data assesses the status of rainwater harvesting acceptance, installation rates, and ongoing reuse practices. Qualitative insights delve into the psychological and social factors shaping individual and community behaviours, exploring the acceptance to sustained utilisation. Finally, the research seeks to demonstrate the transformative power of mind over matter in shaping water conservation behaviours and fostering a more sustainable and resilient water future for Bengaluru.

Government Accountability

The article also suggests legal avenues for seeking justice for lakes, involving entities like the National Green Tribunal. The involvement of surveyors, pollution control board officers, and collaboration with various government departments is emphasised. Government has to manage lakes or give it to private entities for better maintenance. 

The author holds the government accountable, suggesting the need for better management or private entity involvement in lake maintenance. The Karnataka Tanks Conservation and Development Authority (KTCDA) is spotlighted as the highest regulatory authority, albeit deemed ineffective and corrupt. The ministry of minor irrigation and ground water development department also is responsible to manage the developmental works of lakes. Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) is also another government authority to enforce lake protection and conservation. The Local municipal corporations (BBMP) – lakes departments like BBMP- Lakes & forest departments. Bangalore Metropolitan Task Force (BMTF) is the watchdog of BBMP. Local water and sewerage boards like Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board (BWSSB). Karnataka state disaster management authority (KSNDMC) with its state office in Attur, Bangalore, also is a stakeholder for lake management. 

In conclusion, the article advocates for a holistic approach to lake preservation in Karnataka. It calls for collective responsibility, involving government bodies, the public, and corporate entities. The article underscores the urgency of maintaining the sanctity of lakes, preserving their ecosystems, and promoting sustainable practices (UNSDG 2015). By instilling a sense of ownership and raising awareness, the article envisions a future where lakes in Bengaluru and beyond become sources of clean water, thriving ecosystems, and symbols of responsible environmental stewardship. By emphasising the importance of understanding nature’s laws and avoiding concretization, the article envisions a future where lakes become sustainable sources of clean water, vibrant ecosystems, and cherished legacies for generations to come.

“Embracing Behavioural Change: Acceptance and Implementation of the United Nations

Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDG) in India”

Author: Madhuri Subbarao, India’s first Conservation Psychologist, Earthitude Research Forum, Friends of
Lakes (FOL), ISO 14,001 Environmental Auditor, Sustainability Reporting, Research Scholar

and

Co- Author: Druthi Anish, Undergrad Researcher in Environmental Science, Sustainability and Earth Sciences,

Mount Carmel Autonomous College, Bangalore

Abstract

The abstract delves into the dynamics of behavioural change concerning the United Nations Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) in the context of India, focusing on the environmental policy implementation
perspective. As India grapples with complex environmental challenges, understanding how its citizens perceive
and engage with the SDGs is crucial for effective policy execution.
India’s diverse socio-economic landscape, cultural richness, and demographic variations contribute to a complex
web of perspectives on sustainability. The abstract argues that behavioural change is central to comprehending
the UN SDGs’ implications for India. It explores the role of awareness campaigns, educational initiatives, and
community engagement in fostering a nuanced understanding of the goals among Indian citizens.
The abstract emphasises the need for a tailored approach to behavioural change, acknowledging the varying
levels of environmental consciousness across different segments of the population. It suggests that interventions
should consider cultural nuances, regional disparities, and socioeconomic factors to resonate with diverse
communities.
Furthermore, the abstract underscores the role of governmental policies in steering behavioural change.
Examining existing policies and their impact on citizen engagement with the SDGs provides insights into the
effectiveness of current approaches and highlights areas for improvement. A mixed methodology of qualitative
and quantitative assessments is used in this study.
In conclusion, the abstract contends that unravelling the intricacies of behavioural change concerning the UN
SDGs in India is paramount for successful environmental policy implementation. It advocates for a holistic
understanding of the cultural and socio-economic fabric of the nation to tailor interventions that inspire
meaningful participation, ensuring that India progresses towards achieving its sustainability goals.